Cannabinoids are chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa) . They are a diverse group of over 100 different chemical compounds, some of which have psychoactive effects while others have no or minimal psychoactive properties . The two most well-known cannabinoids are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC):
THC is the main psychoactive ingredient in the cannabis plant. It is responsible for the “intoxicating” or euphoric effects of cannabis . THC binds to cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system , influencing thinking , perception , memory and coordination.
Cannabidiol (CBD):
Unlike THC, CBD has no psychoactive effects . However, it interacts with various receptors in the body and is often researched for its potential medical uses . CBD is anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety and pain relieving.
There are also many other cannabinoids , some of which are found in smaller amounts in the cannabis plant .
Cannabinol (CBN):
Formed by the oxidation of THC . It has mild psychoactive effects but is usually present in small amounts .
Cannabigerol (CBG):
It is considered a precursor to other cannabinoids . CBG has potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
Cannabichromene (CBC):
It has no psychoactive effects , but it has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
The cannabinoids work by interacting with the cannabinoid receptors in the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS plays a critical role in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, appetite, sleep, and immune response.
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